Elimination of water pathogens with solar radiation using an automated sequential batch CPC reactor.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Solar disinfection (SODIS) of water is a well-known, effective treatment process which is practiced at household level in many developing countries. However, this process is limited by the small volume treated and there is no indication of treatment efficacy for the user. Low cost glass tube reactors, together with compound parabolic collector (CPC) technology, have been shown to significantly increase the efficiency of solar disinfection. However, these reactors still require user input to control each batch SODIS process and there is no feedback that the process is complete. Automatic operation of the batch SODIS process, controlled by UVA-radiation sensors, can provide information on the status of the process, can ensure the required UVA dose to achieve complete disinfection is received and reduces user work-load through automatic sequential batch processing. In this work, an enhanced CPC photo-reactor with a concentration factor of 1.89 was developed. The apparatus was automated to achieve exposure to a pre-determined UVA dose. Treated water was automatically dispensed into a reservoir tank. The reactor was tested using Escherichia coli as a model pathogen in natural well water. A 6-log inactivation of E. coli was achieved following exposure to the minimum uninterrupted lethal UVA dose. The enhanced reactor decreased the exposure time required to achieve the lethal UVA dose, in comparison to a CPC system with a concentration factor of 1.0. Doubling the lethal UVA dose prevented the need for a period of post-exposure dark inactivation and reduced the overall treatment time. Using this reactor, SODIS can be automatically carried out at an affordable cost, with reduced exposure time and minimal user input.
منابع مشابه
Elimination of water pathogens with solar radiation using and automated sequential batch CPC Reactor
متن کامل
Inactivation of Fecal coliforms during solar and photocatalytic disinfection by zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles in compound parabolic concentrators (CPCs)
Water samples of 0, 50, and 100 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) spiked with fecal coliforms (107 CFU/ml) were exposed to natural sunshine in 1l quartz glass tubes fitted with rectors’ compound parabolic concentrators CPCS at two forms CPC1 (whit nanoparticle zinc oxide) and CPC2(without nanoparticle zinc oxide). The samples were characterized using the X-ray...
متن کاملModeling the photocatalytic mineralization in water of commercial formulation of estrogens 17-β estradiol (E2) and nomegestrol acetate in contraceptive pills in a solar powered compound parabolic collector.
Endocrine disruptors in water are contaminants of emerging concern due to the potential risks they pose to the environment and to the aquatic ecosystems. In this study, a solar photocatalytic treatment process in a pilot-scale compound parabolic collector (CPC) was used to remove commercial estradiol formulations (17-β estradiol and nomegestrol acetate) from water. Photolysis alone degraded up ...
متن کاملAn experimental investigation on the performance of a symmetric conical solar collector using SiO2/water nanofluid
One of the effective methods to improve the thermal efficiency of solar collectors is using nanofluids as the coolant. The present study experimentally investigated the effect of SiO2/water nanofluid with 1% mass fraction on the performance of a symmetric collector, i.e. conical solar collector. The conical solar collector with 1 m2 area and normal to the earth was tested in Ahvaz, a city in th...
متن کاملProcess strategies for cephalosporin C fermentation
Cephalosporin C (CPC), a β-lactam antibiotic, is starting molecule for industrial production of semi synthetic cephalosporins. CPC fermentation has been carried out in Air Lift Reactor (indigenously made up of borosilicate glass) in different fermentation modes i.e., batch and fed batch modes using a mold Acremonium chrysogenum (synn. Cephalosporium acremonium). A definite correlation exists be...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Journal of hazardous materials
دوره 196 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2011